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## <center> ❈Welcome ❈ </center>

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To carry out the tasks of the administration and administration of a company, it is necessary that those in charge of the areas have experience and capacities to manage change, ensure competitiveness and long-term effectiveness and to optimize the quality of decisions and effectiveness. of the organization. Managers must also use the key tools when managing economic and financial resources, that is, accounting plays an important role within the organization. One of the principles of accounting is information at a given time, the results generated during the period of time, which is useful in decision making, both for the control of previous management, and for the evaluation of results future, in favor of rationality and efficiency decisions.

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"The fundamental objective of accounting for a company is to send information about it to a set of complete users or recipients of such information to help make decisions." To meet this purpose, the accounting system generates some documents known as financial statements or These financial statements, prepared with the predefined rules, provide information on the economic-financial situation of a company and on the small flows that have been modified over time. (Ortega, 2006).

Therefore, financial information is essential for the administration and development of companies, this is the processed and transformation for the use of management and its managers. The financial statements have the function of carrying out a formal record of the financial activities of a company, person or entity, whose objective is to give an overview of the same. Kennedy - Mc Mullen (1971) define the Financial Statements as "The collection of the data as it is the balance sheet, the state of the profits and the state of the profits and the state of the company" "(Pág.4). Which means that the previous instruments are compatible with the data that facilitate the economic and financial analysis of the organization.

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The analysis of the financial statements is of vital importance because it evaluates the current and past financial position of an organization, allowing it to establish a future and predictions about future scenarios. Also, facilitate administration and management, in the realization of an accurate analysis, which allows corrective actions, as well as preventive actions in case of potential problems in the operation of the organization.

"The purpose of the analysis of the financial statements is the transformation of the information of the financial statements into a form that allows to use the financial and economic situation of a company to facilitate the decision making". (Gerencie, 2010).

The analysis of financial statements is an indispensable component of most decisions regarding loans, investments or other obligations, by facilitating decision making to investors or third parties who are interested in the economic and financial situation of the company. This is why it is very important to perform a good analysis of the financial statements, since the data collected from the analysis will be the ones that mark the direction of the company in terms of decision making. How to make a decision means choosing the best alternative among the possible ones, information is needed about each of the alternatives and their consequences with respect to our objective. The importance of information in decision making is evident in the definition proposed by Forrester, understood as "the process of transforming information into action". Therefore, it is extremely useful for the manager, whether the administrator or the engineer, to rely on this accounting resource when making a decision.

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From the origin of the industries, the organizations bet by the management of the productivity and the continuous improvement of the quality to survive in a market every day more globalizado and increasingly competitive. In organizations, engineers are required for administrative areas and for operational areas, since their knowledge is related to the efficiency of companies and to those objectives that aim to achieve their human, financial and technological resources. The union of these factors allows to guide the organization to the achievement of its general objectives. Now, each person who is part of a company has its functions within it. For example, industrial engineers have the ability to be managers, and fulfill the task of planning, organizing, directing and controlling, in order to solve problems, increase competitiveness, increase productivity, improve quality and meet goals within the organization.

The study of finance currently has a huge field of application for non-financial professionals and especially for engineering professionals. Industrial engineers are currently required in companies to occupy management positions related to management. Therefore, it is essential for them to have knowledge of the accounting and financial aspects, since they are of great importance for making economic decisions, such as: income statement and costs of a financial nature (balance), strategic level (investments), among others.

Finally, the reasons why industrial engineers should know how to analyze the financial information of companies are: to detect and overcome difficulties in interpreting financial statements, to direct the processes of a company and ensure production, to manage the resources of efficient way, to understand how the flow of money and economic resources within an organization works, to apply the concepts to the decision making aimed at economic and financial improvements and investment, to know new alternatives and different solutions to obtain economic resources in a crisis situation and to know how to finance the new investments to be made and what kind of decisions should be taken into account.




## <center> References 📘 📖 </center>

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❱ Álvarez, J.(2000). Contabilidad Financiera. Barcelona: Gestión 2000.
❱ https://www.uaeh.edu.mx/scige/boletin/tlahuelilpan/n4/e2.html



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