How to assemble a particle detector at home in the kitchen. A short guide for fans of physics and science.
science·@kuku12170·
0.000 HBDHow to assemble a particle detector at home in the kitchen. A short guide for fans of physics and science.
<html> <p>I will not tell you what elementary particles are, because you already know it, and who does not know will <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementary_particle"><strong>read - HERE.</strong></a></p> <p><strong>https://hazlitt.net/sites/default/files/field/image/einstein.jpg</strong></p> <p><a href="https://hazlitt.net/sites/default/files/field/image/einstein.jpg"><em>Source image</em></a></p> <p>So, let's go straight to the practical part of the experiment:</p> <p><strong>Wilson's camera: a bit of history and physics.</strong></p> <p>The detector in question is called the Wilson camera. The camera was invented in the beginning of the last century by Charles Wilson, and for its creation in 1927 he received the Nobel Prize. With the camera, several important discoveries were made - neutrons were found in cosmic rays, and rubidium atoms appeared to participate in beta decay.</p> <p>The principle of operation of the chamber uses the phenomenon of condensation of supersaturated vapor: when a supersaturated vapor (usually water or alcohol) appears in the medium, any condensation centers (in particular, ions accompanying the track of a fast charged particle) form small droplets of liquid. These drops reach a considerable size and can be photographed. The source of the investigated particles can be located either inside the chamber or outside it (in this case the particles fly through a window transparent to them).</p> <p>However, the main advantage of the camera is that it made it possible to observe the world of elementary particles with practically the naked eye.</p> <p>https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-riSTnYS-elQ/WSWqVzbOoSI/AAAAAAAA1Bk/sH4QJNtehwQjXiD7e3duXg7koAkbLfZcwCLcB/s1600/10.gif</p> <p><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-riSTnYS-elQ/WSWqVzbOoSI/AAAAAAAA1Bk/sH4QJNtehwQjXiD7e3duXg7koAkbLfZcwCLcB/s1600/10.gif"><em>Source image</em></a></p> <p><strong>Necessary materials. For the construction of the camera you will need:</strong></p> <ol> <li>Transparent container of plastic or glass (for example, an empty aquarium) with a metal or plastic cover.</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felt">Felt.</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isopropyl_alcohol">Isopropyl alcohol</a> at a concentration of at least 90 percent, is freely sold.</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dry_ice">Dry ice</a>.</li> <li>Adhesive that does not dissolve from isopropyl alcohol.</li> <li>The container is wide enough to cover the whole of the container cover from point # 1.</li> <li>Goggles for working with alcohol and gloves for working with dry ice.</li> <li>Flashlight.</li> </ol> <p><strong>Construction of the camera. The main thing is to remember that to work the camera you need total darkness.</strong></p> <ol> <li>Cut the felt according to the shape of the bottom of the container of claim 1. Stick it to the bottom.</li> <li>Soak the felt with alcohol. The bottom should be wet, but excess alcohol must be removed.</li> <li>Put the dry ice in an even layer in the container from point 6. Place the lid there, let it cool.</li> <li>Turn the container over and place it on the lid.</li> <li>Wait 10 minutes, turn off the light in the room (or close the curtains) and start shining through the flashlight inside the container.</li> </ol> <p>https://pp.userapi.com/c540107/v540107506/ae65/14vUwK6zUwg.jpg</p> <p><br></p> <p><strong>Results of observations:</strong></p> <p>When the eyes get used to the darkness, you will begin to see flashing and fading tracks in a saturated alcohol steam at the bottom of the installation (which used to be a tank lid). This will be the traces of particles. Here are the main ones</p> <p>1. A thick and short trace is an alpha particle, the source of which is most probably the radon atom in the air.</p> <p>https://pp.userapi.com/c540107/v540107506/ae7a/oRloW8osAFg.jpg</p> <p><br></p> <p>2. These are muons. They are massive, so they leave long straight tracks.</p> <p>https://pp.userapi.com/c540107/v540107506/ae81/iLBdXaAjfSI.jpg</p> <p><br></p> <p>3. These are electrons and / or positrons. Their paths are so tortuous because they have a charge, and they have to move in a magnetic field.</p> <p>https://pp.userapi.com/c540107/v540107506/ae88/HUgjLAe83hg.jpg</p> <p><br></p> <p>4. The rarest and most interesting is the decay of particles. True, most likely, what exactly is disintegrating, you can not say, but from this the process of observing physics is less boring.</p> <p>https://pp.userapi.com/c540107/v540107506/ae8f/2u5k8zcPh3A.jpg</p> <p><br></p> <p>And a small video. At the very end of the video you can see the result of the work, it's amazing to be honest, and all this you can do in your kitchen!!!!</p> <p>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xky3f1aSkB8</p> <p><br></p> <p><br></p> <p><br></p> <p><br></p> </html>