<div class="text-justify">


<center>![image.png](https://files.peakd.com/file/peakd-hive/leoumesh/Eo8QuYF55MpVoxHQpM9Y7oqzFewGKb5TTkYf45UQLhVnDvDoH65h2onoZn2uQntU6Bb.png)</center>
<center>[Image Source](https://witscad.com/course/csharp-basics/chapter/string-manipulations)</center>

In my previous tutorial we saw a basic introduction to string and various in-built functions that can be used to perform operation and manipulation on C# strings. In this tutorial, we are gonna discuss other some key concepts in string operations that you may come across in C#. One of the key concept in string operation is **String Interpolation** that was introduced in the year 2014 in C# version 6. It provides a more convenient and human readable approach to writing code by allowing us to substitute a value of string into a placeholder. Allowing this would save a chunk of time, memory allocation which would have been caused due to string concatenation. Lets see a simple example of this one:

```
using System;

class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        int age = 25;
        string name = "Peter";

        Console.WriteLine($"My name is {name} and I am {age} years old.");
    }
}
```
<hr>
If you run this code, you will get the following output:

![image.png](https://files.peakd.com/file/peakd-hive/leoumesh/23swgECbxgxKVJXGW1dRHxHiNsi2kXg27MfX4jWv3Mm7g1zknw7Z8cv5VJnAZKnWrW26f.png)

See how much easier it is to write and debug a code using this approach. You need to use **"$"** sign while interpolating string and then **"{}"** brackets while substituting a value.

Another thing we want to look on is accessing a strings. We can do this by using an index number of string inside a **"[]"** brackets. If we run the code `Console.WriteLine(name[3]);` then we will get the output **e** as index always starts from 0. We can also use function called `IndexOf` to get the index value of a characters in a string.

```
using System;

class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        int age = 25;
        string name = "Peter";

        Console.WriteLine($"My name is {name} and I am {age} years old.");

        Console.WriteLine(name[3]);
        Console.WriteLine(name.IndexOf("t"));
    }
}
```

You can get the corresponding output for this code:


![image.png](https://files.peakd.com/file/peakd-hive/leoumesh/23swgECbxgxKLcKktoCokKF5FxVrUM4SJEqregANN2eGfBTJVQHwbGdxJzKgoDGYzMZqt.png)

The last thing we wanna see about is using special characters like double quotes inside a double quotes. String should always be written inside a double quote in C# and if you want to write a string that contains double quote inside it then you can use backslash escape character.

```
using System;

class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        string message = "Sometimes this process is also referred to as \"vaporization\".";

        Console.WriteLine(message);

    }
}
```
If you try to run the code without using backslash character(\) then you will get the error as compiler will misunderstand the syntax for the string. Lets see how to print a statement that contains **'s** inside a string in C#. For this you need to use single backslash(\) as:

```
using System;

class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {

        string message = "Sometimes this process is also referred to as \"vaporization\".";

        Console.WriteLine(message);

        string message2 = "It\'s known as vaporization.";

        Console.WriteLine(message2);

    }
}
```

The output for this code is:


![image.png](https://files.peakd.com/file/peakd-hive/leoumesh/23swg9r87ZuqqgtLM73tgDAmxjPYhUa2a1pQqRukV4yQrSpjmijC3EnbJbymv6Zmdp5zY.png)

There are other special useful escape characters in C# that we will see as we go along the tutorial like New line (\n), backspace(\b), tab(\t).

<h4>**Link to other C# posts**</h4>

1. [Introduction to C# and .NET](https://hive.blog/hive-196387/@leoumesh/introduction-to-c-and-net)
2. [String Manipulation in C#](https://hive.blog/hive-196387/@leoumesh/string-manipulation-in-c)
</div>