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<div class="text-justify"> Greetings dear readers, we continue to leverage the scientific approach to understand the different scenarios that occur in our daily lives, in this sense, chemical reactions are essential in understanding the phenomena around us, consequently, when we start with the understanding of chemical phenomena, we find that the backbone of this science are the reactions, because through them we can identify the transformation of substances and their interactions with different components of matter. 
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<center><img src="ihttps://images.ecency.com/DQmT7nZzHid1kCSXdKZJsu6Qbiu6U43KcvAUCCnvYyLpvG8/lporta.png"/></center>

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<blockquote><center> Image courtesy of: <a href="https://pixabay.com/es/photos/ciencia-laboratorio-investigar-1029385/" rel="noopener" title="This link will take you away from steemit.com">       mwooten</a></div></center></blockquote></div>
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<div class="text-justify"> In this sense, to start with the stoichiometric approach it is necessary to understand that chemical processes are developed through interactions of matter in different states, a process that we can represent on paper through chemical equations, which are nothing more than models based on numerical symbols that allow us to quantify and exemplify real processes. 
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<div class="text-justify"> To understand the above, let's analyze the following chemical process, where hydrogen is able to react with the surrounding oxygen to produce water, likewise metallic sodium reacts with chlorine to produce sodium chloride, the processes can be represented through a chemical equation, as shown in the following image.   
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<center><img src="https://images.ecency.com/DQmfNbA2ckG5DCxiZxzDoAJ1mbA3MQ2hBrJ8HnuS43AkzuZ/l2.png"/></center>

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<div class="text-justify"> At this point, if we observe in detail the previous figure, we observe that along each equation there are some coefficients that give us valuable information about the interactions of each component involved throughout the reaction, so that each substance to the left of the arrow indicates that they are the reactants that are interacting to generate a substance with different characteristics than the starting compounds that we will call products. 
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<div class="text-justify"> Likewise, through the equations we can observe that the stoichiometric relationships at the level of reactants and products are the same, in other words that the same amount of atoms that participate in the reactants, we will obtain it at the end as a product, the only variant in these cases is related to the starting compounds that generate different compounds at the end of the reaction, hence we can establish that principles associated with the law of conservation of mass are met, so that mass is not destroyed but simply transformed.
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<div class="text-justify"> From there, it is necessary to balance the chemical equations, since through this process we obtain a direct similarity on the behavior of reactants and product in a given chemical process, in this sense and to understand in depth how the process occurs, let us analyze the following example, where the propane used as fuel in the kitchen is a colorless and odorless gas which has the ability to react with oxygen and produce the respective combustion where carbon dioxide and water is released.
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<center><img src="https://images.ecency.com/DQmXFJcDPSyrawV4u2hw8vR5Lds5BhrRhnVMmyqvUWGp8D6/l3.png"/></center>

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<div class="text-justify"> Therefore, when analyzing the previous image we realize that the process is apparently very simple, however, it does not comply with the principles of a process or a chemical reaction since the atoms are not balanced, hence the need to incorporate coefficients both on the side of the reactants and on the side of the products so that we can achieve a balance that respects the principle or law of conservation of mass since it is not destroyed but transformed.
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<center><img src="https://images.ecency.com/DQmevSGvx1oZWWB1SVgTtXbKGzLcir4kayw4wtQQRqbX9DW/l4.png"/></center>



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<center><img src="https://images.ecency.com/DQmcHe6oJEpUE47RWMs7F1sL9bn9sGyKjwAiTEbNWc5ebaq/l5.png"/></center>

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<div class="text-justify"> In this sense, at the level of the scientific process we must familiarize ourselves with the term that has been called the Mole, which responds to a chemical unit that is equivalent to 6.02x10<sup>23</sup> particles that can be atoms or molecules and through these we can make correlations between volume, grams and moles and thus quantify the quantities of substances in a chemical process that allows us to analyze the efficiency of the process.
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<div class="text-justify"> So it has been this dynamic that has allowed us to introduce the necessary mathematical models at the industrial level and consequently develop different methodologies that allow us to disseminate and transform the scientific field into useful aspects for society, covering the health, technological and energy fields, among others. 
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<div class="text-justify"> In this sense, the ability to understand chemical processes has been crucial for the progress that our society has achieved, so that at the theoretical level we address the correlations associated with chemical equations, however, at the experimental level must take into account variables that modify in some way the behavior of the compounds, hence the need to make conversions between the different chemical units developed by the scientific method and that allow us to use the correct amounts of reagents and that is where stoichiometry arises, which is nothing more than the existing relationships between the moles and masses of the components involved.
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<div class="text-justify"> An everyday example of the above is represented by the chemical process between ethylene and hydrochloric acid, so that if we have 15 g of ethylene and we need to know how many grams of HCl to use in the reaction. According to the coefficients in the balanced equation, one mole of HCl is required for each mole of ethylene. To know how many grams of HCl are needed to react with 15 g of ethylene, we will first need to determine how many moles of ethylene are in 15 g. We need to convert from grams to moles from the molar mass of ethylene and use the value to set up the conversion system:
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<center><img src="https://images.ecency.com/DQmWZnhMAnJT21hJGnJ2Z3KoP2VcRkYEAcjwiq8DjKnSsS6/l6.png"/></center>

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<div class="text-justify"> If we focus our attention on the image above, we can see that we have determined how many moles of ethylene are had (0.536 mol) based on the supplied amounts of this reagent, hence also from the balanced equation we know how many moles of HCl are needed (0.536 mol), so we will have to do a conversion from moles to grams to find the mass of HCl required. Again, the conversion is done by calculating the molecular mass of HCl and using the molar mass as the conversion factor. Thus, 19.6 g of HCl is required to react with 15 g of ethylene as seen in the figure below.
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<center><img src="https://images.ecency.com/DQmTNnKRtKDS2K6CBSk8xMrNcwZb9TdtFovURiPwYMmCYvb/l7.png"/></center>

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<div class="text-justify"> In this sense, if we look carefully at the sequence of steps of the calculation we have just done, we will realize that the moles are indicated by the coefficients of the balanced equation, but in the laboratory grams are used to weigh the reactants, hence the coefficients tell us how many molecules of each reactant are needed, It has been this analytical process that has allowed us to understand the functioning of the phenomena of our environment and to engage mathematical processes in the quantitative approach to chemistry as a science.
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<center><h2><strong> BIBLIOGRAPHY CONSULTED </strong></h2></center>
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<div class="text-justify">  <strong>[1] Chang, R. (2010). </strong> Química. Decima edicion. McGraw-hill Interamericana editores. ISBN: 978-607-15-0307-7.
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<div class="text-justify"> <strong>[2] Ralph, H. Petrucci, William S. Harwood, E. Geoffrey Herring. (2003)</strong>. QUIMICA GENERAL. Octava edición. PEARSON EDUCACIÓN. S.A., Madrid.
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<div class="text-justify"> <strong>[3]  WADE,LEROY. (2011). </strong>. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY. VOLUME 2. SEVENTH EDITION. PEARSON EDUCATION, MEXICO, 2011 ISBN: 978-607-32.()793-5.</div>     

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<center><h2><strong> OF INTEREST </strong></h2></center>
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<div class="text-justify"> 1. The molecular models presented were designed by @madridbg using Chem3D and Chemdraw software.
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<div class="text-justify"> 2. For more information related to the areas of science, technology, engineering and mathematics, do not hesitate to visit #stemsocial and #stem-espanol, they are communities that promote scientific advances in these areas
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