PAPER, THE INVENTION OF, AND ORIGINATION OF PAPER IN THE WORLD'S HISTORY.

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PAPER, THE INVENTION OF, AND ORIGINATION OF PAPER IN THE WORLD'S HISTORY.
![writing paper.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmYA7Ygf689jfFhBERw2p4vVZceBsUEdfyg63bKK8rnfZS/writing%20paper.jpg)

Description of paper as per Wikipedia "Paper is a thin unwoven material, made from milled plant fibers, used for writing packaging art work and decoration".
The first description of papermaking was in China during the Eastern Han Period, 25-200 CE. the court official and eunuch Cai Lun, who invented paper.

Various fibers were used to make paper.
In the 6th Century Mulberry bark was pulped and paper made in China
Boiled Hibiscus bark, bamboo, and blue sandalwood, straw and cotton was also used.

The oldest surviving pieces of paper were made from Hemp (140-87 BC)
Hemp plant.
![hemp.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmXR9VF5fG7YdrhtmxVpAHPpvfRxjR3hEJvktX85DoD4VN/hemp.jpg)

Below  we see samples of Hemp wrapping paper found.
![Hemp paper Western Han period 00 BC.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmQtDCc2LRwtXNgn7mXrkCHnwFVY7mi8rPAcabNkWjkVm5/Hemp%20paper%20Western%20Han%20period%2000%20BC.jpg)

Ancient Paperbooks can be found in China

![Paperbook+256.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmWQn9YeoGsJLp6totXyPiiUaUfwKoFQnVMPRLzhXUU3Sm/Paperbook+256.jpg).
It was during the 8th Century that papermaking spread to the Islamic world, where it became an industry, with Paper Pulp mills and and Paper Manufacturing
Paper  water mill.
 mill.jpg(https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmNp33RrEXUELUn7XYB3f7BPQHVuqeiD8jiTUTFTdBSKq7/chinese%20paper%20mill.jpg)

It was only in the 11th Century that Europe started manufacturing paper. By the 13th Century Spain refined paper making by using water wheels.  

In the 19th Century it became more advanced by the introduction of wood based Paper.
Below a copy of a coptic Bible found dating to the Islamic Period,

![Coptic language Bible from Egypt 700 AD.JPG](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmUihmQG5pE9CdqpaB1aMNbUWbMtKeU1EZkPBh1K9YKniQ/Coptic%20language%20Bible%20from%20Egypt%20700%20AD.JPG)

Although Papyrus and amate existed in the Mediterranean and Pre Columbian Americas, it is not defied as true paper. Parchment is also not defined as paper,(Parchment is prepared animal skin and it predates paper.)
![ancient paper 179 BC.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmcTALEJyAinkpih56pzaTZb3BT7n8ro4wGEpbj8fvDKTs/ancient%20paper%20179%20BC.jpg)

The 20th Century developments include , with the invention of Plastic, Plastic paper paper-plastic laminates, paper metal laminates, and coated paper  with up to five special properties.
Back to Papyrus.

![Papyrus scroll !st Century AD.JPG](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmbBt6twxa3Ugu2LNdt5JriduCMt7SxjCTi5HUisRREAEQ/Papyrus%20scroll%20!st%20Century%20AD.JPG)
The word Papyrus is derived from the Ancient Greek Cyperus Papyrus a plant in the region. The Papyrus used for writing was produced from the pith of the plant, and is a thick paper like material, and was used in Ancient Egypt.

![papyrus.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmbBSk9rNA8pvYYTYhATQpjwjQ4JBHyCSKjwBqyMb9EWeM/papyrus.jpg).
Unbeknownst to many gardeners the aquatic Papyrus plant can be found not only in the East but in a lot of gardens with garden features such as ponds and man made streams.! Evergreen and very ornamental.

Today a mere 5 %  of paper is still made from Annual plants, like hemp and flax.

Paper has been used for many centuries in China, and interestingly by the late 6th Century China manufactured toilet paper.
With ongoing experiments and  and often using the ancient methods, paper today has many  ingredients , uses and  applications. Pressed paper can be used in housing, containers, wall coverings, and toys, but with natural resources dwindling, chemical production of paper must surely follow.!

[MODERN PAPER PRODUCTS.jpg](https://cdn.steemitimages.com/DQmNQKwagpVfsi815iviW62zvrEQEvpkQfx9WtHLcUCJaGi/MODERN%20PAPER%20PRODUCTS.jpg)
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