How to Successfully Cultivate Vaname Shrimp
homesteading·@sabatini·
0.000 HBDHow to Successfully Cultivate Vaname Shrimp
White shackle aka "shrimp vaname" is a shrimp mainstay cultivation for coastal communities today.
The advantage is its tremendous resistance to changes in salinity, temperature and turbidity of the water. So this type of shrimp become excellent for fish farmers, both for intensive cultivation and traditional cultivation plus. And short maintenance time with high selling value becomes another attraction. For the maintenance period 40 - 50 days has become a shrimp consumption of "lage udeng jambo" at a price of 40 rb / kg.
For coastal people who do not have a pond but have a house yard .. do not worry .. Uday vaname can be cultivated in a biofok with a round basket or plated plots of plastic would need additional oxygen from the source of the blower or aerator.
I am optimistic this white shack will be able to improve the welfare of coastal people when properly educated.
SHRIMP VANNAME CULTIVATION IN INTENSIVE MAXIMUM AND MAXIMUM RESULTS
Someone asked us about what the difference is intensive and traditional cultivation.
Because previously we have given the system of shrimp culture traditionally and once also semi-intensive cultivation system.
Maybe now we will surgery intensive cultivation system.
Who does not know shrimp, animals that taste so crispy, tasty and tasty. But unfortunately not a few also people who can not enjoy it because of allergy to shrimp.
Of all the species of shrimp that exist all over the world and that we know all along, maybe only the vanname shrimp is a favorite of the cultivators, the general public and even prospective cultivators.
The reason is that this type of vanname shrimp is cultivated because it has many advantages that rarely belong to other types of shrimp. Although the shrimp vanname is including a very sensitive shrimp. For the size can be larger so that makes people more interested in buying it. In terms of price even more expensive vanname shrimp.
You need to know the benefits of this shrimp vanname than other types of shrimp. Vaname shrimp are more resistant to disease attacks and growth is relatively fast (maintenance period is only 100-110 days). Many people think that vaname shrimp can only be cultivated intensively but in fact traditional vaname shrimp farming can. Vanname shrimp can also be cultivated without feeding.
The first thing that we should note for the cultivation of this vaname shrimp is the construction of the pond must be watertight and not easy to slide. As well as ponds should have an entrance, in the sense of exit separately so we have to cast the embankment with a slope of 45-60 degrees and made central drainage for the collection of dirt.
Here now we will open is the cultivation of shrimp vanname with intensive system.
Before we go further into the vagrame shrimp cultivation siute, we should know there are some important properties in vannamei shrimp that is:
1. Active in dark conditions (Nocturnal).
2. Can live in wide salinity range.
3. Prey on same-sex preys (Kanibal).
4. Type slow eaters, but constantly.
5. Liking life at the base (Bentik).
6. Looking for food through the sensor organs
In the intensive cultivation of this system is not done fertilization or fertilization is only done when stocking fries.
This is because the provision of full feed using artificial feed that shape, size, dose adjusted to the size and stadia live shrimp. Adequate water replacement with adequate volume is absolutely necessary with intensive technology cultivation systems. In order to increase the dissolved oxygen content in pond water, aerator is used such as water wheel (puddle wheel).
Intensive cultivation of shrimp farmers has a portion of the land with a ratio of 4: 6, which means 40% is indicated for the tendon plot and the remaining 60% for shrimp grooming farms. Super intensive vaname shrimp farming is a more advanced shrimp farming than intensive technology.
Intensive stocking of shrimp vannamei shrimp is intensive> 70 tail / m².
For intensive techniques, the water in the pond must flow with a swift, current of 29-39 liters per second, designated 1 hectare pond.
For 5 hectare pond means the amount of water discharge, multiplied 5. To produce a lot of water then the required pump / aerator. While the use of aerator is to increase the amount of oxygen content in the water with a range of 5-10 ppm.
Intensive cultivation of shrimp is a shrimp farming system with the application of advanced technology. One important thing that we should pay attention to is the gas content in the pond. The existence of shrimp feed residues and shrimp waste will produce ammonia gas and H2S (Hydrogen Sulfide).
The higher levels of these two gases will adversely affect the health and development of shrimp. The highest ammonia level is 1 ppm. However, shrimp can tolerate up to 1.6 ppm. To absorb toxic gases and ammonia should sprinkle wonderstone, zeolite, dolomite and zeoplankton.
To cultivate vanname shrimp intensively We must take into account the technical and non technical factors of the cultivation location in order to achieve the success of cultivation.
Requirements of shrimp vannamei shrimp location technically are:
1. Located in coastal areas with tidal fluctuations 2 - 3 m.
2. Type of soil should be sandy clay to avoid leakage.
Peat or acid type of soil can cause water pH to become acidic.
3. Having a fresh water source with a large enough water flow so that the needs of fresh water can be met.
4. At least 15% of pond water should be replaced with new water every day.
The vannamei shrimp live on a salinity of 15-20 ppt.
5. The location of ponds should have a green belt in the form of mangrove forest between the location of ponds with the beach.
While the requirements nonteknis vannamei shrimp pond location as follows:
1. Location close to the production of shrimp vannamei.
2. Close to the source of labor (HR).
3. Close to the economic center making it easier to get various staples for shrimp production.
4. Location is easy to reach by means of transportation and communication.
Adaptation process is done for 2 hours. The ideal density of the ideal vaname spread is 100 - 125 heads / m².
Ideal dispersion time is better done in the morning when the pond water temperature is low ranged between 27˚ - 30˚C.
The process of adaptation of vanname seeds with the pond through several adaptation processes, namely:
1. Adaptation of temperature
Plastic container fried soaked for 15-30 minutes, in order to adjust the temperature between the water in the pond and inside the plastic.
2. Air Adaptation
The plastic is opened and allowed to float for 15 - 30 minutes to allow air exchange from air to air with water in the plastic.
3. Salinity adaptation
Conducted by mixing pond water into plastic with the aim of mixing different water salinity, so the fries can adjust to the salinity of pond water.
Frying should be done early in the morning between 06.00 - 09.00 local time with consideration to get good oxygen level and stable temperature.
Shrimp Organic Vaname Organic Farming Guide.
Here are some technical things to consider in shrimp farming.
1. Land Location
A good land location for shrimp farming is a beach area with clay textured clay or sandy clay that can hold water and not easily break.
There is brackish water with a salinity of 0 - 33 ppt with an optimum temperature of 26 - 30 ° C and free from pollution of hazardous chemicals. Has a separate inlet / outlet and water outlet / outlet. Easy to get production means that is fry, feed, fertilizer, medicine and others. In intensive ponds there should be electricity from PLN or Generator itself.
2. Based on the intensity and solid tebarnya, shrimp farming can be divided into:
Traditional Shrimp Pond ==> with the usual feature in tidal land which is generally in the form of mangrove swamp. size and shape of irregular plots, not yet using fertilizers and medicines and irregular and low density feeding programs. Intensive semi waters ==> with the characteristic of the pond location already in open area, the regular map form is still a large plot (1 - 3 ha / plot), solid stocking is still low, artificial feed making is still slightly Intensive Fishing ==> with the characteristics of the location in a special area for ponds in a large area, the size of the plot is made small (less than 1 ha), dense stock high, already using a waterwheel, fertilizer and a good feed program.
PROCESSING OF SHRIMP TAMBAK LAND
To get a good harvest, while maintaining the preservation of the aquaculture environment, the law must be done land processing which includes:
Mud Lift ==> Each cultivation must leave the remaining cultivation in the form of organic sludge from the rest of the feed, shrimp droppings and from dead shrimp. The dirt is removed by mechanical means using a hoe or suctioning with a water pump / alkon. Restore Soil ==> The soil at the bottom of the pond needs to be reversed by being hijacked or hoeed to free the toxic gases (H2S and Ammonia) attached to the soil particle, to spraying the soil that kills the seeds of the disease because it is exposed to sunlight / ultra violet.Cleaning ==> To neutralize the soil acidity and kill the seeds of disease done with kapue Zeolite and Dolomite with dose 500kg / ha each or as the soil acidity. > After the soil is chalked, let it dry and crack the soil, to kill the seeds of the disease. Treatment of TON (Tambak Organik Nusantara) and Probiotic (TAPRO) fertilizer to restore the fertility of the land and accelerate the growth of natural feed / plankton and neutralize the compound toxic, the land needs to be given 2.5 kg / hectare TONdosis and Probiotik TANGGUH dose 2-3 liters / hectare. The way to enter a number of TON & TAPRO into the water, then stir until dissolved, pour evenly throughout the area of tambak.Pemasukan Water ==> After 3 days left, water put into ponds. The first introduction of water is as high as 10-25 cm and let it take 3 days, to allow the seeds of plankton to grow after being fertilized with TON. After that the water is inserted to a minimum of 80 cm. Saponen treatment can be done to kill fish entering the pond. To fertilize plankton before the fries are dispersed, water is chalked with Dolomite or Zeolite at a dose of 300kg / ha.
SELECTION OF BENUR
Good shrimp (Seed Urang / Udang) has a high survival rate (SR), colorless / not pale either black or red, active moving, healthy and has a complete body tool. The distribution of fries is done after the finished water, that is after the plankton grows which is characterized by water brightness of approximately 30-40 cm.
Fry stocking is done carefully because the fries are still weak and easy to stress on the new environment.
The seed distribution stage is:
Temperature adaptation ==> Filler plastic containers soaked for 15 - 30 minutes, in order to adjust the temperature between the water in the pond and inside the plastic. Air Adaptation ==> Plastics are opened and folded at the edges. Allow to open and float for 15 - 30 minutes to allow air exchange from free air with air in water in plastic. Adaptation of Salt / Salinity ==> Performed by splashing pond water into plastic for 10 minutes. The goal is to make the water mix different salinity, so that the fries can adjust to the water sanilitas ponds.Bedding Shrimp ==> Degan put some plastic tip into the pond water carefully and slowly.
SHRIMP MAINTENANCE
At the beginning of cultivation, preferably in the area of fry stocking is insulated with waring or hapa, to facilitate the feeding. The adhesive can be expanded according to shrimp development, after 1 week of bulkhead can be opened.
In the first month to be considered is the quality of water should always be stable. The addition or replacement of water is done with caution because the shrimp is still reto drastic changes in water conditions. To maintain the quality and stability of water, every new water addition or a maximum of 15 days once given TON treatment with a dose of 1 kg / ha and Probiotik TANGGUH dose ½ liter / ha.
Starting age of 30 days sampling to determine the development of shrimp through the weight increase of shrimp. Normal shrimp at the age of 30 days has reached size (number of shrimp per kg) 250 - 300. For further sampling is done every 7 - 10 days. Production of dissolved organic material derived from impurities and feed residues is quite high, therefore the water should be given lime treatment Seloit every few days with a dose of 400 kg / ha.
At each change or addition of new water still given TON treatment with a dose of 1 kg / ha.
Starting age 60 days and above, which must be considered is the management of water quality and control of the condition of shrimp. Each shows a bad water condition (marked with cloudy color and low brightness) as soon as possible change of water and treatment TON 1 kg / ha. If the concentration of organic matter in the pond is getting higher, causing the quality of water / shrimp environment is also decreasing, consequently shrimp is easy to stress that is marked by not willing to eat, dirty and silent in the corners of ponds, which can cause cannibalism.
SHRIMP FOOD
Shrimp feed is 2 kinds, which is natural food consisting of plankton, small snails, small worms, insect children, and detritus (the rest of animals and plants that rot). The other feed is artificial feed in the form of pellets.
In intensive semi intensive cultivation, artificial feed is necessary. Due to the high stocking density, natural feed will not cukuo resulting in shunted growth of shrimp and will arise the nature of shrimp cannibalism. Shrimp pellet feed is differentiated by different numbering according to normal shrimp growth.
The initial feed requirement for every 100,000 head is 1 kg, then every 7 days once plus 1 kg until the age of 30 days. Starting age is done ancho check with the amount of feed ancho 10% of feed given. Ancho lift time for size 1000 - 166 is 3 hours, size 166 - 66 is 2.5 hours and less than 40 is 1.5 hours from giving. To increase shrimp growth, need to add complete nutrition in feed. For that, the feed should be mixed with VITERNA Plus, NASA and HORMONIK POC containing essential minerals, proteins, fats and vitamins with a dose of 1 bottle cap (10cc) / 2-3 kg of feed. To flatten the mixture, can be added first with enough water.
HARVEST
Shrimp harvested because of the achievement of harvest weight (normal harvest) or due to disease (harvest emergency). Normal harvest is usually done at age more than 90 days, with normal average size 40 - 50.
While the emergency harvest is done if the shrimp is attacked by malignant disease on a wide scale (eg SEMBV / White Spot).
In addition there is a partial harvest, which is to reduce the population / density of shrimp. Prawns are harvested with quality requirements that are large, hard, clean, smooth, shiny, complete body tools, still alive and fresh.
When a good harvest that is night or early morning so that the shrimps are not exposed to sunlight so that the dead shrimp do not quickly become red / damaged.
The harvest stage of vaname shrimp is also an important stage to be well managed. Things to note in terms of vaname shrimp harvest, among others;
1. Determination of shrimp harvest time, harvest can be determined based on the size of shrimp that has met the market demand, the consideration taken is a combination of technical and business, technically as long as the shrimp vaname can survive, so long as it is also shrimp maintained, but often also because the consideration that the price of vaname shrimp is good and is expected to fall soon, then the shrimp can also be harvested with the calculation of profit expectations may decrease if harvested after the price of vaname shrimp fell. While the best harvest time is during the night until the morning, to avoid the heat of the sun that can accelerate the damage of vaname shrimp are harvested.
2. Technically the harvest of vaname shrimp can be done by means of mesh stocking, and nets tug.
3. Harvesting should be done by a team of experts who are experienced because of the nature of shrimp that is quickly damaged if not handled by experienced people, it is feared shrimp become damaged with the sign changed color to red.
4. Farmers also have to know the process of sizing (determination of the size of shrimp) commonly used in the harvest.
The overall SOP above is highly controlled by all shrimp farming practitioners who are incorporated in Growpal, so the quality and quantity of production is well preserved which brings financial benefits for all parties. Good luck.