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In the science book of childhood, I read that when a gas temperature decreases to nearly 273 degrees Celsius, its area becomes empty. This temperature is called the absolute temperature. How many things can be said theoretically, but is it truly possible to reach this temperature? And really, does the volume of gas become empty?

When most of the gases are cooled, they come into a temperature and then they become difficult. But in special conditions of laboratory, it is possible to bring some gases (mainly those that have atoms in their atoms) without being turned into fluid, and near possible temperatures. Any gaseous substance contained in a closed stabilized vessel continues to move in different directions at different speeds. Temperature is the measure of this dynamics of the molecule atoms of gas. The speed of the speed of the house (speed or speed) is approximately hundreds of meters in seconds - the speed of light gas is so much higher. Reducing the temperature means reducing the speed of atoms in the gases. The essence of this article is to tell the facts - just how much a temperature of a home temperature can be so cold, and what is the behavior of the substance in that cold?

Let us start by answering our first question. Yes, it is possible to reach near very low temperatures. How much closer? The temperature of the coolest substance that has been made in the laboratory is a few nanokelvins or slightly less (picocelvins). Physicists use the Kelvin (K) scale to measure the temperature. The temperatures on the Kelvin scale are available when the 273 degrees is added to the temperature of the Celsius scale. That is, zero Kelvin is the absolute temperature. And our very comfortable 'home temperature' will be 27 Celsius Kelvin scale at 300 K.

How small is this nanokelvin? Opening will be 0.000 000 001 K. One kilowatt one kilowen one kilogram It is a little difficult to guess exactly how small this number is. We used to measure our body temperature on the medical thermometer. But this nanakelvina will not be so short to say that the thermometer will be so small. Let's think of a long thermometer. The thermometer, thousands of kilometers long, along the north-south side of India, has a temperature scale on it. Suppose the beginning of this thermometer, that is, the absolute temperature is Swami Vivekananda Kanyakumari, where he meditated, at a certain point in the place, and 'home temperature' is almost in Srinagar! Accordingly, the temperature in which the water accumulates in the snow ie zero degree Celsius or 273 K will be in the north of Himachal Pradesh. The temperature at which the liquid nitrogen is accumulated (77 K or -196 ° C) will be in the middle of Karnataka. Helium fluid is near 4K or -269 degrees Celsius - on the scale of our huge thermometer it will be only forty kilometers away from Kanyakumari. And one nanakelvine (1 nk)?

It would be zero in the thermometer, that is, zero zero temperature (0K) on the point of the human head of hair (about 30 microns or 0.03 mm), almost three times a day!

In context, it is good to say that the laboratory is to bring any substance in such a low temperature for a very short period of time. The temperature of any place in the universe can not last for less than 2.7 kelvin. To learn more about this, enthusiastic readers can search the Internet about cosmic microwave background radiation. 

Now let's say the secret of how much cold it can come from the temperature of the house. To keep the fish freezing in the ice is kept covered. If the laboratory is found to have less temperature, then that part of the test is covered with liquid nitrogen or fluid helium. But it is not yet possible to carry any substances at temperatures less than 0.001 K or Milkelvin. Used to move any gaseous substance on low temperature, light is used! Looks like a puzzle? The heat of the sunlight in the heat of the day, we become altered - again using the light can cool any substance or else? How is he possible? The next part of this writing will tell about that strategy. 

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